Sex differences scientific

Speaking honestly about differences between men and women can be dangerous, as Harvard University President Lawrence H. Summers recently proved.

"President Summers is being vilified for telling the truth about women," says Nancy Pfotenhauer, president of the Independent Women's Forum (IWF).

Feminists and academics denounced Mr. Summers' Jan. 14 suggestion that "innate differences" may explain why few women occupy top science positions at universities.

But Mrs. Pfotenhauer says there is nothing outrageous in Mr. Summers' basic point: that the "gender gap" in some career fields results from women's preferences for family life and from proven psychological differences between the sexes.

"Women have children and choose to raise those children," Mrs. Pfotenhauer said last week at an IWF panel discussion of the Summers imbroglio, "and neurobiology shows us women are better in certain fields than men and tend to gravitate towards those fields they do better in."

IWF cited research showing that women tend to do better on tests of verbal ability, while men tend to score better on tests of abilities related to certain scientific fields " evidence, the group said, suggesting that the shortage of women in the sciences is not a result of discrimination.

Mr. Summers "voiced a fact that is unfashionable, but he said [it] with research on his side," said Lisa Schiffren.

Mrs. Schiffren is no stranger to such public furors: She was credited with writing Vice President Dan Quayle's famous 1992 "Murphy Brown" speech, in which the vice president accused the TV sitcom of "mocking the importance of fathers" with its portrayal of a woman having a child out of wedlock. Mrs. Schiffren said Mr. Summers' apologies for his remarks amounted to "groveling."

"Here is a man, the president of Harvard, who accidentally blurted out the facts as supported by research, then he backed out," she said.

Mr. Summers made the remarks at a meeting convened by Harvard to examine the role of women and minorities in academic sciences. A former economics professor at the university, Mr. Summers served as Treasury secretary in the Clinton administration before returning to Harvard as its president in 2001. Critics point out that Harvard's tenure offers to women have declined since he assumed the presidency.

In addition to his "innate differences" remark, Mr. Summers said the biggest reason women are underrepresented in the sciences is that more fathers than mothers are willing to work the 80 hours a week often necessary for positions in that field.

Nancy Hopkins, a biology professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, walked out during Mr. Summers' remarks and told reporters that if she had not left, she "would've either blacked out or thrown up."

A full transcript of Mr. Summers' remarks has not been released, but the National Organization for Women called for his resignation, and dozens of Harvard faculty members signed a letter saying his remarks "serve to reinforce an institutional culture at Harvard that erects numerous barriers to improving the representation of women on the faculty."

"I don't exactly know what he said in [the conference], but if he gave the impression that women are somewhat unable to do science, he is wrong," said Dr. Paul McHugh, professor of psychiatry at Johns Hopkins University.

Mr. Summers ignored "clear discrimination" against women, said Vicki Lovell, study director at the Washington-based Institute for Women's Policy Research.

"He overlooked and really downplayed the large body of documentation about discriminatory actions towards women who are trying to be successful ... and then he overemphasized what we don't know and have no reason to believe is true," Ms. Lovell said.

Although his remarks might have needed clarifying, said feminist author Tammy Bruce, NOW's call for his resignation was "closed-minded" and "over the top."

"Calling for his resignation is highhanded," said Ms. Bruce, a former NOW chapter president and now a radio talk-show host. "NOW is an organization that ... can only call for people to resign because they have no idea how to ... discuss the situation."

The reaction to Mr. Summers' remarks, Ms. Bruce says, is another example of the hypocrisy of political correctness.

"It's up to feminists," she says. "If they really want to see fairness, they need to start with themselves and reject the bias they exhibit in their ideas. They have perpetuated an environment that thrives on bias and prejudice in the idea realm. They shouldn't be so surprised when this kind of statement is made."