Afghan man faces death for Christian conversion

KABUL, Afghanistan — An Afghan man is being prosecuted in a Kabul court and could be sentenced to death on a charge of converting from Islam to Christianity, a crime under the country’s Islamic laws, a judge said yesterday.

The trial is thought to be the first of its kind in Afghanistan and highlights a struggle between religious conservatives and reformists over what shape Islam should take here four years after the ouster of the Islamic fundamentalist Taliban regime.

Abdul Rahman, 41, was arrested last month after his family accused him of becoming a Christian, Judge Ansarullah Mawlavezada said. Mr. Rahman was charged with rejecting Islam, and his trial was held Thursday.

During the one-day hearing, the defendant confessed that he converted from Islam to Christianity 16 years ago while working as a medical aid worker for an international Christian group helping Afghan refugees in the Pakistani city of Peshawar, Judge Mawlavezada said.

“We are not against any particular religion in the world. But in Afghanistan, this sort of thing is against the law,” the judge said. “It is an attack on Islam.”

Judge Mawlavezada said he would rule on the case within two months.

Afghanistan’s constitution is based on Shariah, Islamic law that is interpreted by many Muslims to require that any Muslim who rejects Islam be sentenced to death, said Ahmad Fahim Hakim, deputy chairman of the state-sponsored Afghanistan Independent Human Rights Commission.

Repeated attempts to interview Mr. Rahman in detention were barred.

The prosecutor, Abdul Wasi, said he had offered to drop the charges if Mr. Rahman converted back to Islam, but he refused.

“He would have been forgiven if he changed back. But he said he was a Christian and would always remain one,” Mr. Wasi said. “We are Muslims, and becoming a Christian is against our laws. He must get the death penalty.”

After being an aid worker for four years in Pakistan, Mr. Rahman moved to Germany for nine years, his father, Abdul Manan, said outside his Kabul home.

Mr. Rahman returned to Afghanistan in 2002 and tried to gain custody of his two daughters, now ages 13 and 14, who had lived with their grandparents their whole lives, the father said. A custody battle ensued, and the matter was taken to the police.

During questioning, it emerged that Mr. Rahman was a Christian and was carrying a Bible. He was arrested immediately and charged, the father said.

Afghanistan is a conservative Islamic country. About 99 percent of its 28 million people are Muslim, and the remainder are mainly Hindu.

A Christian aid worker in Kabul, who spoke on the condition of anonymity because of the sensitivity of the matter, said there was no reliable figure for the number of Christians, although it is thought to be only in the dozens or low hundreds. He said few reveal their faith because of fear of retribution, and the only known Afghan churches are those used by Western military forces and expatriates.

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