As BP plugs leak, report says most of oil is gone

NEW ORLEANS (AP) — Crews made key progress in plugging BP’s blown-out Gulf oil well Wednesday as a report said much of the spilled crude is gone, twin victories that heartened leaders who have taken political heat but left some experts and Gulf Coast residents skeptical.

BP PLC reported that mud forced down the well overnight was pushing the crude back down to its source for the first time since the Deepwater Horizon rig exploded off Louisiana on April 20, killing 11 workers.

The effort is progressing, giving officials high confidence that no more oil will leak into the Gulf, retired Coast Guard Adm. Thad Allen, the government’s point man on the spill response, said at a news briefing in Washington. He stressed, however, the containment effort isn’t over.

Crews that performed the so-called “static kill” overnight now must decide whether they should follow up by pumping cement down the broken wellhead. Officials won’t declare complete victory until they get into the well from the other end, and that won’t happen until later this month.

“This job will not be complete until we finish the relief well and pump mud and cement in through the bottom,” Adm. Allen said.

The upbeat news coincided with the release of a federal report Wednesday indicating that only about a quarter of the spilled oil remains in the Gulf and is degrading quickly, with the rest contained, cleaned up or otherwise gone.

The remaining oil, much of it below the surface, remains a threat to sea life and Gulf Coast marshes, said Jane Lubchenco, administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. But the spill no longer poses a threat to the Florida Keys or the East Coast, according to the report by NOAA and the Interior Department.

President Obama, while noting that people’s lives “have been turned upside down,” declared that the operation was “finally close to coming to an end.”

A Florida State University oceanographer who has been tracking the spill and who early on challenged the government’s low estimates of its size, called the report “spin.”

“There’s some science here, but mostly it’s spin, and it breaks my heart to see them do it,” said the oceanographer, Ian McDonald. “This is an unfortunate report. I’m afraid this continues a track record of doubtful information distributed through NOAA.”

The calculations were based on daily operational reports, estimates by scientists and analyses by experts. The government acknowledged it made certain assumptions about how oil dissolves in water naturally over time.

Ms. Lubchenco defended the report, saying authors used direct measurements and the best estimates available and have a high degree of confidence in them. The numbers can be updated as new information comes in, she noted.

Nearly three-quarters of the oil — more than 152 million gallons — has been collected at the well by a temporary containment cap or has been cleaned up or chemically dispersed, or the oil naturally deteriorated, evaporated or dissolved, the report said.

That leaves nearly 53 million gallons in the Gulf. The amount remaining — or washed up on the shore — is still nearly five times the size of the 11-million-gallon Exxon Valdez spill, which wreaked environmental havoc in Alaska in 1989.

About a quarter of the oil evaporated or dissolved in the warm Gulf waters, the same way sugar dissolves in water, federal officials said. Another one-sixth naturally dispersed because of the way it leaked from the well. Another one-sixth was burned, skimmed or dispersed using controversial chemicals.

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