A great athlete and a celebrated cellist

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If Jim Thorpe were at his athletic peak today he would be a multimillionaire -- complete with a bevy of bimbos, an agent to handle endorsements, and his own TV program.

But Thorpe was the greatest athlete of an earlier generation, when professional sports other than baseball were virtually unknown. His inability to earn a livelihood in the sports in which he excelled was the root cause of Thorpe's downfall, as recounted by Texas journalist Bill Crawford AllAmerican: TheRiseandFallofJimThorpe (John Wiley, $24.95, 250 pages, illus.).

Born on an Indian reservation in present-day Oklahoma in 1887, Thorpe was a "ward of the government" rather than a U.S. citizen for much of his life. In 1904 he was sent east for schooling at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Pennsylvania, one of several technical schools designed to train young Indians in the ways of the white man.

Thorpe was a problem student; he had no aptitude for his studies. But he quickly demonstrated his remarkable skills in both track and football, putting Carlisle on the American athletic map.

His coach in track and football was Glenn "Pop" Warner, who had contacts that enabled him to schedule football games with collegiate powers like Harvard, Pennsylvania, and Army. Carlisle did not always beat these teams, but Thorpe's performance as a running back made him an All-American and one of the best-known athletes in the country.

Alas, even then, there was corruption in amateur athletics. Warner saw to it that his athletes received special food and housing. He doled out "loans" and "expense money" to his boys, and opened accounts in their names at the local department store.

The highlight of Thorpe's track career came at the 1912 Olympics in Sweden. There he won the gold medal in both the decathlon and pentathlon, prompting King Gustav V to tell the American, "Sir, you are the greatest athlete in the world."

The greatest athlete in the world was of average size by our standards -- just under six feet in height and 185 pounds. But he was shifty, fast, and tough. Although he disliked practice and had a fondness for booze, you could count on him to be ready for the kickoff or the starter's gun.

Thorpe's downfall came when authorities of the Amateur Athletic Union began to check out rumors that some athletes were in fact professionals. It developed that Thorpe, in need of pocket money, had played minor league baseball in North Carolina for the likes of $15 to $25 per week. Pop Warner, eager to divert attention from financial irregularities at Carlisle, turned Thorpe in to the authorities.The International Olympic Committee, urged on by the Amateur Athletic Union, stripped him of his medals.

Unlike professional athletes today, Thorpe had nothing to fall back on when his playing days were over. He earned pin money as a bar bouncer, a wrestler, and a bit player in Hollywood while going through three unsuccessful marriages. He died in 1953.