A baseball legend, and an abolitionist

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Lou Gehrig paired with Babe Ruth to lead some of the greatest baseball teams ever,

the New York Yankees of the late 1920s and 1930s. Ruth had the color but Gehrig had the statistics. The Yankee first baseman had 13 consecutive seasons in which he scored 100 runs or more and batted in another 100 or more. His .361 batting average in seven World Series led the Yankees to six titles in a 13-year period. In 1934 he won the "triple crown," leading the American League in batting average, home runs, and runs batted in.

Today the Yankee slugger is also remembered for having been struck down late in his career by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), now widely called Lou Gehrig's disease. ALS is a progressive deterioration of the nervous system that leads to paralysis and death. At the age of 36, Gehrig went from being a star athlete to a wheelchair-bound paraplegic who could scarcely swallow or speak.

Sports biography is fraught with peril, for authors are often dependant on the memories of teammates, and tread a thin line between objective narrative and hagiography. But in Luckiest Man: The Life and Death of Lou Gehrig (Simon & Schuster, $26, 397 pp., ), journalist Jonathan Eig has provided a balanced account of Gehrig's life, athletic achievements, and above all, his gallant, losing battle with ALS.

In the first half of the last century, before pro football took over, baseball was "America's game." In the author's words, "The same brawny men who forged steel, built outhouses, and swept the streets through the winter turned to baseball in spring, hoping for a shot at wealth and glory." Lou Gehrig, the husky, handsome offspring of German immigrants, was one of them. He attended Columbia University where he starred in baseball and attracted the attention of the New York Yankees.

Manager Miller Huggins gradually worked Gehrig into his lineup in 1923, and the next year he became a fixture at first base. Gehrig was a natural hitter but he took nothing for granted.

According to Mr. Eig, "No one prepared better for a game, no one stayed in better condition, and no one hustled harder on the field." Personally reserved, Gehrig gained the respect rather than the friendship of most of his teammates. But in tandem with Ruth, he made the Yankees the most feared team of their generation.

Gehrig had played in more than 2,100 consecutive games for the Yankees-each game extended his record another notch-when he was struck down early in the 1939 season by the disease that would bear his name. It manifested itself on the diamond, where he began to make fielding errors, and where line drives no longer left his bat like bullets. Gehrig took himself out of the lineup and went to the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, New York, for tests. The tests established that he had contracted ALS, and the doctors told him there was no cure. Today there is still no cure.

Back in New York, Lou's family physician encouraged him to believe that vitamins might cure his condition. Meanwhile, the Yankees planned a "day" for Gehrig, but strangely scheduled it in connection with a doubleheader in Washington rather than New York.

Public relations was in its infancy in 1939, and Mr. Eig had to do considerable research to piece together Gehrig's gracious acknowledgment on that occasion. In it, Gehrig rejected any suggestion of self-pity.