'Bogus' ER visits ail hospitals

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By Matthew Boswell SPECIAL TO THE WASHINGTON TIMES

Some hospital doctors and administrators say the quality of care they are able to offer is under siege by an insider group no one would expect: patients.

Dr. Daniel Durand, a radiology resident at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, said a class of patients, dubbed "bogus admits" by physicians, are admitted through the emergency room when it is not clinically justified.

Patients like Irena, whose name has been changed to protect her privacy, frustrated Dr. Durand when he began practicing at Hopkins last year as a general medicine intern. Irena arrived at the ER complaining of chest pains and shortness of breath. A few hours later, she was admitted to a general medicine ward, and it fell to Dr. Durand to determine whether she had suffered a heart attack. He quickly realized she had been hospitalized for a case of heartburn.

Instead of getting a restful night's sleep at home, Irena was subjected to extensive medical work-ups and faced exposure to hospital-borne illnesses. As for financial ramifications, Irena, her insurance company or the government likely would receive a much larger bill. Because Dr. Durand had to write notes, orders and assessments on Irena, he spent less time looking after his other patients.

Dr. Durand said there is no easy way to address the problem.

"Doctors are held to such an exacting standard by the public and the law that they act very conservatively and want to admit too many people to the hospital," Dr. Durand said. "This drives the cost of care up and strains resources so that we can do less of what we do well: treat disease."

A private-sector hospital study by the Michigan Health Care Education and Research Foundation in 1987 reviewed a random sample of patient records from 21 hospitals in southern Michigan. Of the 1,226 records examined, 430 revealed erroneous patient admissions, suggesting that 35 percent of the admissions were clinically unnecessary.

Rates of improper admissions in publicly funded hospitals are even higher. An Iowa Health Services Research and Development Field Program study in 1991 found that 43 percent of medical/surgical admissions to Veterans Affairs hospitals were unnecessary. This study reviewed 6,063 patient medical records from a random sample of 50 Veterans Affairs hospitals from across the country.

Dr. Peter Hill, clinical director of the Department of Emergency Medicine at Hopkins, said a review of ER doctors' decisions to admit patients amounts to a medical version of Monday-morning quarterbacking.

"It's a problem with perspective," said Dr. Hill, who has served on the faculty since 1998.