‘Waterfront’ screenwriter Schulberg dies

NEW YORK (AP) — Budd Schulberg, the son of a studio boss who wrote a novel that defined the Hollywood hustle and later proved himself a player with the Oscar-winning screenplay for the Marlon Brando classic “On the Waterfront,” died Wednesday at age 95.

Schulberg died of natural causes at his home in Westhampton Beach, on Long Island, said his wife, Betsy Schulberg. He was taken to a nearby medical center, where doctors unsuccessfully tried to revive him, she said.

“He was very loved,” she said, “and cherished.”

“On the Waterfront,” directed by Elia Kazan and filmed in Hoboken, N.J., was released in 1954 to great acclaim and won eight Academy Awards. It included one of cinema’s most famous lines, uttered by Brando as the failed boxer Terry Malloy: “I coulda been a contender.”

Schulberg never again approached the success of “On the Waterfront,” but he continued to write books, teleplays and screenplays — including the Kazan-directed “A Face in the Crowd” — and scores of articles. Spike Lee was an admirer, dedicating the entertainment satire “Bamboozled” to Schulberg and working with him on a film about boxer Joe Louis.

Schulberg was first known for the novel “What Makes Sammy Run?” Published in 1941, it follows the shameless adventures of Sammy Glick (born Shmelka Glickstein) as he steals, schmoozes and backstabs his way from office boy at a New York newspaper to production chief at a major Hollywood studio.

Unlike Nathaniel West’s “The Day of the Locust,” which immortalized the desperation of show business outsiders, Schulberg’s book was an insider’s account, and Hollywood responded as it would to one of its own: fascinated and betrayed. Everybody from movie executives to columnist Walter Winchell was convinced he or she knew the real-life model for Glick. Schulberg later said he based the character on numerous hustlers he had encountered.

“What I had, when I read through my notebook, was not a single person but a pattern of behavior,” he later wrote.

The model for countless Hollywood satires to come, Schulberg’s novel was adapted for television, Broadway (a flop musical starring Steve Lawrence), but, ironically, has waited decades to be made into a film. A planned DreamWorks production featuring Ben Stiller was “in development” in recent years.

“I have a feeling they’re not going to do it,” Schulberg told The Associated Press in 2006. “It’s still a little tough for them.”

Like Glick, Schulberg had working knowledge of the movie business; he was the son of Paramount studio head B.P. Schulberg. And like the “On the Waterfront” hero Malloy, who testifies about corruption on the docks, Schulberg informed on his peers.

In 1951, he named names as he acknowledged a communist past before the House Un-American Activities Committee, becoming one of Hollywood’s most prominent witnesses. He appeared voluntarily to acknowledge he had been a communist from 1936 to 1939. He claimed he was disillusioned by Stalin’s nonaggression pact with Hitler and quit the party when it tried to make him write “What Makes Sammy Run?” with a Marxist twist.

In 2003, Schulberg was voted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame as an “observer,” a category established the previous year for journalists and historians. In his later years, he worked on a memoir, drawing upon correspondence with Robert Kennedy, F. Scott Fitzgerald and others.

He was a supporter of Kennedy’s 1968 presidential campaign and was among the last to speak with the Democratic candidate before he was assassinated in Los Angeles.

Schulberg remained active in his 90s, collaborating in 2008 on a stage version of “On the Waterfront” presented at the famous Fringe arts festival in Edinburgh, Scotland. He told The New York Times that he always felt Brando’s character should realistically have been killed in the end for testifying against organized crime. But the director of the festival play stuck with a happy ending, just as Kazan had done a half-century earlier, Schulberg said.

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