MANILA | After a decade of corruption-tainted politics and untamed poverty, Filipinos choose a new leader Monday, and surveys indicate they’re pinning hopes to a son of democracy icons who electrified masses with his family name and clean image.
A software glitch in optical scanning machines that for the first time will count and transmit votes in 17,600 precincts in the world’s second biggest archipelago was discovered just days ago, almost derailing the vote.
In the past, manual counts delayed results for weeks and were prone to fraud; officials now are expecting early tallies just hours after the polling stations close. About 50 million registered voters in this country of 90 million will elect politicians for posts from the presidency to municipal councils.
Officials have suggested that, despite the problems, the scanners are expected to work so well that agitators hoping to disrupt the vote may have resorted to violence.
Violence, however, has long been a feature of Philippine elections, and police said more than 30 people have been killed in campaign-related attacks, the latest three on Sunday.
That figure does not include the country’s worst election-related massacre, in which 57 people died in November.
Even when those horrific deaths are counted, though, election attacks appear to be down: 130 deaths preceded the 2007 vote.
A restive and politicized military, weak central government, private armies and political dynasties have stymied democratic institutions for generations.
Just as violence and fraud threaten the vote, so, too, will they pose substantial challenges to the next leader, in the form of rampant corruption and multiple insurgencies.
Muslim and communist rebels and al Qaeda-linked militants have long staged terrorist attacks and hostage raids from jungle hide-outs in the south, where U.S. troops have been training Filipino soldiers.
The next leader also faces entrenched corruption: Outgoing President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo has been accused of vote-rigging in 2004 and implicated in several scandals that led to coup attempts and moves to impeach her.
Calls for her prosecution have been an important campaign issue. She denies any wrongdoing and is in fact running for a seat in the House of Representatives.
In an indication that Filipinos are looking for a fresh face to combat this old problem, Sen. Benigno Aquino III has surged ahead of his two main rivals, according to recent independent presidential surveys.
Despite lacking their experience, Mr. Aquino rode on a family name that has revived poignant memories of the 1986 “people power” revolt his mother led to oust dictator Ferdinand Marcos and restore democracy.
Former President Corazon Aquino had inherited the mantle of her husband, an opposition senator gunned down by soldiers at Manila’s airport in 1983 upon return from U.S. exile to challenge Marcos.
It was only after she died of cancer in August that her son, a quiet 50-year-old lawmaker and bachelor, decided to run, spurred by the massive outpouring of national grief and yearning for a kind of inspirational leadership his mother had provided despite her shortcomings.
In an Associated Press interview last week, Mr. Aquino said he will start prosecuting corrupt officials within weeks if he’s elected, sending a signal to investors and the public. He said he would create a commission to investigate the outgoing Mrs. Arroyo.
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