Disabilities Act changes studied

Thousands of gallons of water pulse through cascading waterfalls and rapids at Adventure Mini Golf in Lake Worth, Fla. The course, which covers about an acre, features different elevations with two sets of stairs connecting them.

When people ask whether it’s accessible for the disabled, owner Jerry Doser says he jokingly tells them, “No, but I’ll paint some lines in the parking lot and put some cups out there, and then you can play.

“But who wants to pay to play that?” he adds.

Mr. Doser’s course could soon enter the annals of miniature-golf history.

Miniature golf courses are among the millions of businesses and other public facilities that would be affected by proposed regulatory changes under the Americans With Disabilities Act, the milestone 1990 civil rights law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability.

The proposed regulations address a wide range of facilities, including access to courthouses, drinking fountains, amusement park rides, stadium and theater seating, fishing piers, boat slips and bowling lanes, and it would establish specific requirements for qualifying accessible designs. For miniature golf courses, 50 percent of the holes would have to be accessible for players in wheelchairs.

The 1,000 pages of regulations proposed by the Justice Department are drawing intense scrutiny from businesses, which foresee a financial drain, and disability rights advocates, who say the proposals are long overdue but don’t go far enough. Both groups say they want more clarity.

“We have a very mixed sense of what’s happened,” said Curtis Decker, executive director of the National Disability Rights Network. “They left a lot of things unanswered.”

Costs to 7 million affected businesses plus state and local government agencies would total $23 billion over 40 years, the Justice Department estimates. However, the businesses also would realize billions from being more accessible to disabled customers, the department adds. The Census Bureau says there are more than 51 million disabled Americans, representing 18 percent of the population.

The rules would apply to new businesses and facilities and to alterations on existing ones. Businesses also would have to remove “readily achievable” barriers - changes that don’t require a lot of difficult work or expense. The government published the proposal last month. Final regulations could take effect next year, after a period for public comment.

The proposed regulations also define “service animals” for the blind and other disabled groups as dogs or other domestic animals; the regulations would exclude wild animals such as monkeys, which people with spinal cord injuries sometimes use for help with daily activities.

Disability advocates pointed to areas that still need to be addressed, including ticket fraud, information technology such as check-in kiosks at hotels or airports, and closed-captioning at movie theaters.

They also said they are concerned about a “safe harbor” provision that would let small businesses meet their obligation to remove barriers in a given year if, in the preceding year, they spent at least 1 percent of their gross revenues on barrier removal.

“We are worried about people claiming ‘we did this, this and this, we renovated the bathroom on the second floor,’ but you still can’t get in the three steps at the front door,” said Kleo King, senior vice president of accessibility services at the United Spinal Association. “There’s too much room for abuse here.”

Business groups fear the rules will lead to a new round of lawsuits claiming that facilities are not ADA compliant. Business owners have long complained about “drive-by” ADA lawsuits that they say are simply attempts by lawyers to get quick cash settlements.

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